2. Substation Maintenance Guidance
When looking for a philosophy applicable to the maintenance in substations, one can find that guide the maintenance to the equipment available is more adjustable to the needs and characteristics of this component of power systems. This guidance should be based, perhaps, in the arguments used in the philosophy of Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) and Reliability Based Maintenance (RCM). Before discussing the arguments applicable to the maintenance in substations, it may be necessary to mention why the two types of maintenance, are not directly applicable to substations, ie each for himself alone and completely applied to substations.
The TPM is a maintenance philosophy that demands high quality in the maintenance work, which is not difficult to obtain, but consequently requires that the systems that apply this philosophy to the level of "zero failures", knowing that in power systems most of the failures are due to external factors, often beyond their control (weather conditions, for example), you can not reach the level of "zero failures" without significantly increase operating costs, and therefore the unit price of electricity.
On the other hand, the RCM is a maintenance system that is based on reliability, ie the system in implementing the RCM should continue their normal work despite the emergence of a failure of the failure of some component system, and this is achieved by replacing the component in the production system, whether this replacement is similar or not, the point is that the system maintain its production rate. It is known that a substation has the function of transmitting power from one system to another, and that each component meets the same unique features on this team, therefore, in the absence of one of them, no matter the cause not be possible to replace or ignore this component for power transmission to continue because this could lead to major failures, or system downtime, which could have been avoided if the component in question had been on duty.
But this does not rule out the types of maintenance mentioned for use in substations, it is noteworthy that the RCM can be part of TPM applied to a production system, if analyzed, the TPM is a philosophy that is more concerned the human resource maintenance, and behavior in the development of this function, the production system itself, and the RCM is more inclined to the production system and its reliability. Therefore, these arguments can be applied to any system including substations.
This leads to find the reliability of a substation, and as mentioned above, to achieve this should find the availability of computers in the same, as' equipment available to perform their function, and therefore the system will reliable '. For the equipment available, preventive maintenance will play an important role, thereby leaving the possibility of failure due mainly to external factors, is where the corrective maintenance must play its role, and for the proper performance of such maintenance, the Security staff should behave, order and discipline required, and is where the TPM is applied. But maintenance is not static, it is evolving, so needs updating, analysis and reflection for continuous improvement, that is when proactive maintenance is involved. The three maintenance mentioned are intertwined, which will become an integrated maintenance applied to substations.
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